While manufacturing in China is eager to upgrade, the demographic dividend is declining, forcing traditional labor-intensive enterprises into a desperate situation of domestic and foreign aggression.
The past value creation experience is no longer shining. The difficulty of obtaining labor and the use cost have increasingly become a heavy roller rolling and eroding the profits of enterprises. With thousands or tens of thousands of large-scale employee layoffs, it is difficult to tell whether it is the strategic adjustment triggered by the Internet revolution or the life insurance car under the survival crisis.
Similar to Japan in the 1980s, China's robot industry has entered a period of accelerated development driven by multiple joint forces.
Compared with the world's automation rate of 55 points (55 people per 10000 workers have robots), China's automation rate is only 21 points, which is far from 135-339 points in the United States, Germany, Japan and South Korea. The gap breeds huge market potential.
On August 18, with a high demand for the development trend of the robot industry, the ideological event with the theme of "counter attack the industrial future through innovative industrial park model" set off a hot discussion at the wealth salon on the 18th.
Strategic support for global Reindustrialization
After the 2008 financial crisis, the world economy was addicted to the bottom. Energy, environmental protection... The fields once sought after by capital have hesitated. It is difficult for the investment community to find industry highlights to lead the economic revitalization, except robots.
The industrial robot industry stands out in the sluggish world economic growth. On the one hand, compared with the sharp rise in labor costs, the prices of industrial robots and auxiliary equipment continue to decrease, and the level of intelligence has jumped sharply under the progress of science and technology, which has obvious advantages in replacing labor; On the other hand, robots are deeply integrated with new energy and new generation information technology. With the continuous evolution of a new round of scientific and technological and industrial revolution, they are becoming the leading force to promote the new industrial revolution.
In fact, as early as 2007, Bill Gates, founder of Microsoft, wrote that "the robot industry will reproduce the rise of the computer industry, become the most potential new high-tech industry after cars and computers, and completely change human production and life style in the near future."
Relevant experts even predict that mankind is moving forward from the it (Information Technology) era to the RT (robot technology) era. Robot technology will be embedded in various application fields and become the basic technology of human society.
Therefore, the robot industry has become the focus of domestic financial competition in the world. Europe and the United States and other developed countries have introduced the "Reindustrialization" strategy focusing on strengthening scientific and technological innovation and developing advanced manufacturing industry, trying to control the leading power of a new round of technological innovation and regain the dominant position of manufacturing industry.
As a senior economist, Zhang Bingjun has been following and studying the development trend of the international robot industry, consulting and summarizing a large number of cases——
The United States proposes to improve labor productivity and seek the return of manufacturing through the development of artificial intelligence, industrial robots and digital manufacturing.
The EU proposes the concept of "new industrial revolution", cultivates emerging industries such as robots, digital technology, advanced materials and renewable energy, and vigorously promotes new production modes.
Japan proposes to enhance the international competitiveness of manufacturing industry by accelerating the development of cooperative robots and unmanned chemical plants.
South Korea has successively issued the basic plan for intelligent robots and the development strategy for service robots to fully enhance the competitiveness of the robot industry.
France has established a complete scientific and technological system in the field of robotics by means of basic robot technology research organized by the government and application and development supported by the industry.
The German government promulgated the "plan for improving working conditions", which stipulates that robots must be used to replace ordinary people for some toxic and harmful jobs.
With the support of several levels of industrial policies in developed countries, breakthroughs have been made in the R & D, production and application of industrial robots. The sales of industrial robots in the world increased significantly. In 2010, the global sales volume was 120000 units, with a sales volume of US $6 billion. In 2011, the global market exceeded US $25.5 billion, with a significant increase.
In recent years, with the rapid rise of the cost of land, labor and other factors in China, the manufacturing industry is facing the dual pressure from developed and developing countries. The application of industrial robots has become an urgent choice to accelerate the upgrading of the manufacturing industry and reshape the advantages of the manufacturing industry.
Industrial robots have been included in the national strategic emerging industries, and the "12th Five Year Plan" for the development of intelligent manufacturing technology and the "12th Five Year Plan" for the development of service robot technology have been issued, and special support has been provided through the "special fund for intelligent manufacturing equipment".
In June this year, the China robot industry alliance combined with the statistics of the international robot Federation showed that in 2013, the total domestic sales of industrial robots by Chinese enterprises exceeded 9500, with a sales increase of 65.5% over the previous year based on comparable caliber; Foreign funded enterprises sold more than 27000 industrial robots in China, an increase of 20% over the previous year.
In 2013, nearly 37000 industrial robots were sold in the Chinese market, accounting for about one fifth of the global sales, and the total sales exceeded Japan. China has become the world's largest demand market for industrial robots.
Qingdao competes for the northern Highland
China is one of the countries with the highest growth rate of robot demand in the world. However, in the face of the cake growing year by year, local enterprises are still at a competitive disadvantage in the domestic market with high demand growth due to the imperfection of key technologies, manufacturing processes and sales channels.
Zou Runfang, chief mechanical industry analyst of Anxin Securities Research Institute, who has a lot of research experience in the field of robotics, showed great calmness in the face of unprecedented industry enthusiasm, "Internationally speaking, robots are intelligent and real robots. China still stays at the level of industrial machinery manufacturing. The technical ability of our robots in manufacturing accuracy, product service life and intelligence is far lower than that of foreign countries. The core technology of robot manufacturing is still controlled in the four robot families."
It is understood that up to now, the four giants of the industrial robot industry, abb in Switzerland, FANUC and Yaskawa electric in Japan and KUKA in Germany, have set up branches and joint ventures in China. The four giants of the robot industry account for more than 70% of China's domestic market share. The market share of domestic enterprises is only 4%, and the market share of foreign brands is as high as 96%.
"The application significance of computer lies in software, and robot itself has independent flexibility and stability. It is grafted with traditional industries in the application field and has infinite market space and huge profits. However, if we do not master the core technology of robot and the root cause of robot production, it will be restrained and monopolized by industry giants, and it will be difficult for us to breed great enterprises and the development of the industry Development is bound to be constrained. "Chang Xin, general manager of Qingdao blue ocean equity trading center, analyzed from the perspective of capital market.
The current situation is urgent. Obviously, the development model of China's robot industry cannot be the "four families" of a single enterprise.
Zhang Bingjun, vice president and senior economist of Qingdao Economic Development Research Institute, described in the robot industry research report drafted for Qingdao: "As an important national equipment manufacturing base, Qingdao has a strong industrial foundation and has a certain foundation for R & D, production and application in the field of robot industry. In the face of the increasing pressure of manufacturing transformation and upgrading, accelerating the development of Qingdao's industrial robot industry will help cultivate new industrial growth points, drive Qingdao's manufacturing industry to upgrade to intelligent and lean, and seize new opportunities The development of the industrial revolution is the first opportunity. "
Also optimistic about the robot cake, there are many cities looking forward to marching into high-end intelligent equipment manufacturing.
Shanghai regards industrial robots as an important special project for intelligent manufacturing of high-end equipment, expands the integrated application of robot systems, and strives to build China's largest robot core technology R & D center and industrial base in Shanghai, with a target output value of 20 billion yuan in 2015.
Kunshan robot industrial base has applied to become a characteristic industrial base of the national torch plan. It has 25 robot enterprises at home and abroad, with an output value of 3.5 billion yuan in 2011. By 2015, it will form two industrial chains of industrial robots and intelligent robots, with an output value of 20 billion yuan.
Tangshan proposes to build a welding robot industry cluster and a service robot industry cluster in special application fields. By 2015, 100 core patents will be formed, with an annual output value of more than 20 billion yuan.
Chongqing has established a robot science and technology innovation alliance and a technology and industrial development company to promote the research, development and industrialization of robots in seven fields: industry, services, toys, military, medical treatment, underwater and space, and strive to build a "robot city" with an output value of 100 billion.
At the beginning of the birth of China's robot industry, it was faced with both internal and external competition. In the urban competition of seizing the development opportunities of the industry with the appearance of the city, Qingdao's positioning was to build the largest industrial robot industry base in northern China.
Geng Kai, deputy director of the Investment Promotion Bureau of Qingdao National High tech Zone and director of the Promotion Office of robotics and high-end equipment manufacturing industry, told reporters that at present, Qingdao has established a municipal intelligent robot engineering technology research center, as well as a robot body research laboratory, control system research laboratory and intelligent fixture Research Laboratory in Qingdao high tech Zone The industrial technological innovation strategic alliance was officially approved to be established, with strong alliances and complementary advantages between scientific research institutes and enterprises in the park.
In May 2013, Qingdao International Robot industrial park covering an area of 1000 mu was opened in the high tech Zone. Robot projects such as Yaskawa motor, Haier Group, rubber Valley company, thunder heavy industry and Shuotai technology have settled down one after another. In the future, the industrial park will focus on attracting excellent robot R & D and manufacturing enterprises and supporting enterprises from Japan, South Korea, Europe, America and China. It is planned to attract them in three years 30 robot R & D and manufacturing enterprises have entered the park to build the largest industrial robot industry base in North China.
"Qingdao started early in the robot industry. It not only has an industrial foundation, but also has a large market capacity. In 2012, the output value of the robot industry in the high tech Zone has reached 150 million yuan, which has become a new highlight of industrial development." Shang Liqun, deputy director of the Management Committee of Qingdao high tech Zone, introduced that the application of industrial robots in Qingdao has achieved breakthroughs in rubber, household appliances and other fields by relying on enterprises such as soft control shares and Haier Group, and has produced leading enterprises such as Kejie automation and Haier robot, initially forming the characteristics and advantages of the field of industrial robots. Underwater robots and service robots are the key direction of Qingdao's development in the future 。
Be a soul incubator and counter attack the industrial dilemma
The development of Qingdao's industrial robot industry already has a good foundation, but compared with advanced cities, it is small in scale, weak in strength, scattered in layout, and lack of guidance and support of planning and policies for industrial development. The robot industry has broad prospects and is closely related to the upgrading of Qingdao's manufacturing industry, so it needs to be promoted. " The industry diagnosis made by Zhang Bingjun has brought a new enlightenment to investor Zhang Jianbo. Why not build a robot incubator with soul and counter attack the industrial development dilemma through innovative Park operation!
As the first venture capital company in the city, the past scientific and technological background makes Qingdao science and Technology Venture Capital Co., Ltd. extremely sensitive to the effectiveness of cooperation between science and technology and finance.
Zhang Jianbo, general manager, believes that although the core components for the development of China's robot industry depend on imports, with the R & D and growth of Chinese enterprises, once the core technology is mastered and broken through, and once the industry has clearly opened a broader market, the industry is likely to face more fierce competition, and the local advantages of Chinese enterprises may not be brought into play The global robot industry is likely to face the fate of a price war as big as the home appliance industry.
"The mistakes that have been made in the process of industrial development cannot be made again. It is more important to set up a mechanism to avoid risks from the early stage of industrial development than to solve the crisis after problems arise." Zhang Jianbo believes that the best way to avoid this fate is to establish a "robot incubator with soul" from the source.
"As a professional investment platform, we are committed to working with all sectors of society to make articles around Qingdao's industrial development goals and promote the development of Qingdao's strategic emerging industries." Zhang Shibin, chairman of Qingdao International Investment Co., Ltd., said: "at present, industrial parks across the country are generally faced with a" hodgepodge " "A few industrial parks with specific professional functions have in-depth understanding and found that they are just the aggregation of similar products. There is not much correlation between enterprises in the park, and there is almost no synergy, so it is difficult to form the aggregation of industrial chains."
Zhang Jianbo added, "the traditional park has a lot of land, a lot of buildings and a brand called software park and Biological Park... Whatever it is called, because there are no special needs and characteristics. In fact, it has built a large area of industrial real estate."
The robot Incubation Park is planned and constructed around the concept of robot industry chain. "At present, robots are all ontology production and assembly. Can we tap the enterprises that produce key parts in the robot ontology, such as servo motor system, sensor and deceleration system, and cultivate them in the park. Through the interaction of the park, we can connect the enterprises on the chain together to form a collective advantage. Under the concept of the whole industrial chain, any local progress may be possible Will bring overall development. "
In addition, from the perspective of investment, Zhang Jianbo believes that "the real combination of technology and capital, science and technology and finance is actually a very difficult thing. In theory, traditional industrial parks seem to have everything and provide all kinds of services, but what they really lack is the elements of capital and finance. Because of information asymmetry, the cost of enterprises facing financing needs is very high."
The investor and operation mode of innovative parks are different from those of traditional industrial parks. In order to return on investment, investors will also conduct due diligence in attracting investment and incubating enterprises in the most efficient and scientific way.
Enterprises entering the park shall be screened by the professional investment team of the investment company according to the market standards; qualified enterprises shall obtain angel investment while obtaining the entry qualification; increase the attraction of the park; improve the quality and survival rate of entry projects; avoid administrative intervention; the finance company shall provide unified bookkeeping services for enterprises entering the park, greatly reduce the financial cost of start-ups; and standardize the financial management of enterprises Business behavior, promote the healthy development of enterprises, provide real and formal financial data for financial institutions, and build a bridge of mutual trust and cooperation between enterprises and Finance
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